Sustainability Consulting

Life-cycle assessment

Lifecycle analysis allows for the assessment and interpretation of the environmental impacts of a product or service throughout its entire lifecycle. The assessment covers:
  • extraction and processing of raw materials
  • manufacture
  • transport
  • distribution
  • use, reuse, recycling
  • final disposal
The international regulatory reference for the execution of LCA studies is represented by the ISO 14040 series standards:
  • UNI EN ISO 14040 (2006) Environmental management, Lifecycle assessment, Principles and reference framework.
  • UNI EN ISO 14044 (2018) Lifecycle assessment, Requirements and Guidelines.

Environmental Product Declarations (EPD)

Created on a voluntary basis, it must be prepared by referring to the analysis of the product lifecycle based on a study that defines the consumption of resources (materials, water, energy) and the impacts on the surrounding environment in the various phases of the product's lifecycle.

The minimum phases considered range from the extraction of raw materials, transport to the production site and production itself ("from the cradle to the gate"), or until the disposal of the product itself ("from the cradle to the grave").

The results are presented in summary form through the use of a number of environmental indicators, such as the amount of carbon dioxide emitted or GWP (Global Warming Potential) per declared unit of product (e.g. per tonne).
The EPD is always subject to verification by an independent third party before it can be published.

Only accredited certification bodies can carry out checks to validate EPDs, adopting uniform methodologies and submitting their work for checking by Accredia, the National Accreditation Body.

The act of publishing the EPD certificate allows companies The act of publishing the EPD certificate allows companies to communicate to the market through a specific portal, in a clear and transparent way, the environmental impacts of a product or service. di un prodotto o di un servizio.

Carbon Footprint

The Carbon Footprint represents the quantity of climate-altering gas emissions generated throughout the lifecycle of a product/service, calculated in order to proceed with reduction and compensation initiatives.

It is possible to calculate the Carbon Footprint of Organisations (14.064-1) by making an inventory of the emissions of climate-altering gases to understand where and to what extent an Organisation makes its carbon footprint and thus be able to manage it.


Expressed in CO2eq, the Product Carbon Footprint (ISO 14.067) considers the total emissions of all phases of the life of the product/service, expressing them in the impact category of 100-year Global Warming Potential.

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